Diversity and temporal variation of brown lacewings (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae) from Atlantic rainforest areas in southeastern Brazil

ABSTRACT A survey of the brown lacewings (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae) was carried out with five Malaise traps/area in five areas in Atlantic rainforest of São Paulo State, Brazil, between October 2009 and December 2011. 237 specimens of Hemerobiidae were obtained belonging to 14 species and five genera: Nusalala tessellata (Gerstaecker, 1888) (31.6% of the total collected), Hemerobius hernandezi Monserrat, 1996 (26.0%), Nusalala dispar (Banks, 1910) (17.7%), H. cubanus Banks, 1930, H. edui Monserrat, 1991, H. nigridorsus Monserrat, 1996 and H. withycombei (Kimmins, 1928) (1.7% each), H gaitoi Monserrat, 1996, Megalomus ricoi Monserrat, 1997 and Notiobiella cixiiformis (Gerstaecker, 1888) (1.3% each), Sympherobius ariasi Penny & Monserrat, 1985 (0.9%) and, M. impudicus (Gerstaecker, 1888), M. rafaeli Penny & Monserrat, 1985 and S. mirandus (Navás, 1920) (0.4% each). Eighteen specimens of Hemerobius Linnaeus, 1758 and nine of Megalomus Rambur, 1842, totaling 11.4% of the collected Hemerobiidae, could not be identified at the species level. The hemerobiids were more frequent in the Parque Estadual Intervales (55.3% of the total collected) and in the Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo (23.2%), inland collection sites in the state of São Paulo, with higher abundances recorded in spring (43.9% of the total collected) and in winter (37.1%). This study extends the geographic distribution range of five species of Hemerobiidae to Brazil and three to the state of São Paulo.

First report of Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil

ABSTRACT We recorded for the first time the presence of the two fruit flies pests, Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco, Brazil. The specimens were collected in traps installed during June/2019 to February/2020. The fruit flies and the parasitoid species are widespread in the Brazilian mainland and have most likely been introduced accidentally in the archipelago.

Faunistic analysis of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Guarana (Paullinia cupana) crop, with new records of genera for the Brazilian Amazon / Análise faunística de Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) na cultura de guaraná (Paullinia cupana), com novos registros de gênero para a Amazônia brasileira

Ichneumonidae are solitary parasitoids that mainly attack larvae and pupae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, which constitute important agricultural pests. The objective of the present paper was to characterize the assemblage of Ichneumonidae associated to the conventional and organic cultivation of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) crop in Manaus City (Amazonas State, Brazil) with faunistic analysis. The samples were collected at Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), using Malaise and Moericke traps, between September 2012 and February 2013. We collected 296 specimens of Ichneumonidae, represented by 14 subfamilies, 41 genera and 63 morphospecies. The faunistic analysis revealed the predominance of rare and less frequent genera (54.2% in conventional and 47.1% in organic crop management). Venturia Schrottky was highlighted as superabundant, super frequent and constant (46.4% of the specimens) in conventional cultivation. In organic cultivation, Eiphosoma Cresson (15.6% of the specimens), Venturia (15.1%), Polycyrtidea Viereck (7%), Stethantyx Townes (6%), Enicospilus Stephens and Diapetimorpha Viereck (both 5.5%), Polycyrtus Spinola and Podogaster Brullé (both 5%) were more abundant, more frequent and constant. The observed differences reflect the type of crop management. Considering that organic crop management do not use agrochemicals, there is a greater diversification of the landscape. On the other hand, a reduction in richness and abundance has been observed in conventional crop management, due to its greater alteration and uniformity of the landscape. This study evidences a high number of rare, less frequent and accidental genera, and reveals the predominant groups in each crop cultivation system.(AU)

Ichneumonidae são parasitoides solitários e atacam principalmente larvas e pupas de Lepidoptera, Coleoptera e Hymenoptera, que constituem importantes pragas agrícolas. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a assembleia de Ichneumonidae associada ao cultivo de guaraná (Paullinia cupana) de manejo convencional e orgânico, em Manaus (Amazonas, Brasil) por meio de análise faunística. As coletas foram realizadas na EMBRAPA, com o uso de armadilhas Malaise e Moericke, entre setembro de 2012 e fevereiro de 2013. Foram coletados 296 exemplares de Ichneumonidae, em 14 subfamílias, 41 gêneros e 63 morfoespécies. A análise faunística revelou predominância de gêneros raros e pouco frequentes (54,2% no manejo convencional e 47,1% no orgânico). Venturia Schrottky destacou-se no manejo convencional como superabundante, superfrequente e constante (46,4% dos exemplares). No manejo orgânico, Eiphosoma Cresson (15,6% dos exemplares), Venturia (15,1%), Polycyrtidea Viereck (7%), Stethantyx Townes (6%), Enicospilus Stephens e Diapetimorpha Viereck (ambos 5,5%), Polycyrtus Spinola e Podogaster Brullé (ambos 5%) foram muito abundantes, muito frequentes e constantes. As diferenças observadas refletem o tipo de manejo da cultura. No manejo orgânico, por não utilizar agroquímicos, há uma maior diversificação da paisagem. Já no manejo convencional há uma redução da riqueza e abundância, por possuir maior perturbação e uniformidade da paisagem. Este estudo evidenciou o elevado número de gêneros raros, pouco frequentes e acidentais e expôs os grupos predominantes em cada sistema de manejo.(AU)

Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: updated taxonomic checklist and new records

ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

A new species of Symbra (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae, Heimbrinae) from dry forest in Brazil and new occurrence records for other Heimbrinae / Uma nova espécie de Symbra (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae, Heimbrinae) de uma área de Caatinga e novos registros de ocorrência de outros Heimbrinae

The geographic ranges of Heimbra opaca (Ashmead, 1894), H. bicolor Subba Rao, 1978 and H. parallela Stage & Snelling, 1986 are extended based on study of material deposited in the entomological collections of the Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Parasitoides e Predadores da APTA (Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil) of the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brasília, DF, Brazil). Symbra potiguara Perioto & Fernandes sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) is described, illustrated and compared with S. cordobensis Stage & Snelling, 1986, the single species previously known for this genus. A key to the genera of Heimbrinae and to the species of Symbra is provided.

Os limites geográficos de Heimbra opaca (Ashmead, 1894), H. bicolor Subba Rao, 1978 e H. parallela Stage & Snelling, 1986 são estendidos com base no material examinado das coleções entomológicas do Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Parasitoides e Predadores da APTA (Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brasília, DF, Brasil). Symbra potiguara Perioto & Fernandes sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) é descrita, ilustrada e comparada com a única espécie conhecida desse gênero, S. cordobensis Stage & Snelling, 1986. Uma chave para os gêneros de Heimbrinae e para as espécies de Symbra é fornecida.